Search

The article discusses the processes of structure formation of lime composites in the presence of a polysilicate solution. It has been established that when lime interacts with a polysilicate solution, higher values of the heat of wetting are observed, due to the additional heat released due to the interaction of lime with the polysilicate solution. The optimal concentration of the polysilicate solution was determined. It has been established that the tensile strength of limestone formed during hardening of polysilicate solutions together with lime increases with increasing content of silicon-oxygen anions in monomeric form in the polysilicate solution. The microstructure of limestone samples with the addition of a polysilicate solution was studied. It was revealed that portlandite and the acicular structure of low-basic calcium hydrosilicates are identified on the surface of the modified limestone. The external form of sodium-calcium hydrosilicate particles is twisted fibers. It has been established that the most likely mechanism causing the hardening process is the formation of calcite, hydrate phases similar in chemical composition to calcium hydrosilicate C–S–H (I), calcium-sodium hydrosilicate and portlandite. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, creep curves of steel 1.4852M were obtained experimentally at a temperature of 900 °C and high values of the constant tensile strength. For each creep curve, the durations of the first and second stages of creep and the rate of creep through the first stage for different values of time were determined. The steps of developing a model to describe the obtained results are shown. This model can be used to predict the creep limit for periods exceeding many times the duration of the experiments performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrophobic dressing application in wound dressing is an alternative approach that showed promising results, especially when dealing with colonization at the wound site. The wound dressing must possess a hydrophobic surface to eliminate the growth of hydrophobic microorganisms and at the same time be able to absorb massive fluid for better healing activities. This study is aimed to evaluate the effect of the hydrophobic coating on the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofiber electrospun in terms of mechanical and wettability properties. The PVA/PLA film was prepared by electrospinning process followed by polylactic acid (PLA) coating at a differentiation concentration of 1, 4 and 8 % for 15 minutes. The mechanical and water contact angle analysis suggested that PLA 4% concentration is the optimum value as the coating material. It has excellent Ultimate Tensile Strength (1022.5 ± 9.28 MPa) and Young Modulus (257.56±11.37 MPa) properties with the optimal hydrophobic condition for the wound dressing application. Swelling capacity studies indicated that the PVA/4PLA absorb simulated wound fluid up to 1780%, higher than neat PVA film, only 740%. This report suggests that PLA can be exploited for the synergistic combination with PVA nanofiber for better wound dressing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using recycled aggregate (RA) instead of natural aggregate (NA) is one of the most sustainable choices in concrete construction in terms of decreasing the consumption of natural aggregates, reducing the landfill area, and improving the environment. However, being possesses relatively more defects compared to natural aggregates (NA), RA concrete is found to be generally associated with poor performance in terms of its mechanical performance as well as cracking behaviour. Accordingly, it is essential to implement strategies that can enhance the RA performance. For this to be tackled, a number of strategies and procedures have been proposed in numerous research works. In this regard, steel fibers, up to a certain limit, have been found to have a positive impact on RA-based concrete. The aim of the present paper is to conduct a critical review regarding the fresh and hardened properties of fiber reinforced RA-based concrete (SFRAC). The study has shown a light on the microstructure of RA and material characteristics of SFRAC. It also emphasizes the influences of steel fibers on the fresh properties, compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, and flexural strength of RA concrete mixes. The investigated properties will be discussed in terms of maximum replacement ratio, SF type and aspect ratio, and SF volume fractions (Vf). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, welding is commonly used to join ferromagnetic metals by arc welding, spot welding, friction welding, etc. Welding on ferromagnetic metals is easier to do than on non-ferromagnetic metals. Aluminum is a non-ferromagnetic metal. In this study, friction welding with aluminum was carried out. The welding process is carried out with variations in the frictional rotation speed of 2300 rpm and 3100 rpm, at a pressure of 100 psi and a time duration of 30 seconds. Tensile tests are carried out on the welding results. From the tensile test results obtained tensile strength 85.77 N/mm2, yield strength 68.96 N/mm2, strain 7.98 % on welding with a rotation speed of 3100 rpm, breaking in the welding area. The obtained tensile strength is 81.88 N/mm2, yield strength is 75.89 N/mm2, strain is 3.66% on welding with a rotation speed of 2300 rpm, and breaks in the welding area. The amount of rotation speed during the friction welding process affects the strength of the joint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is about the characterization of pulp and paper from sago fiber waste. The process has several stages: preparing a solution, sago fiber analysis, pulping process, and printing process. The required solutions are NaOH solution (technical), 10% BaCl2 solution, 0.1 N HCl solution, 60% ethanol solution, phenolphthalein indicator solution, 1% starch indicator solution, sindur methyl indicator solution of NaOH titration, borax solution, Na₂S solution (technical), and THIO solution (1 N; 0.1 N). The pulping process is carried out by inserting sago fiber and solutions into a rotary digester machine for 4 hours (170oC). Then, it is removed after 24 hours and dried by a spinner machine. Characterizations on the sample include: chemical and physical properties, mechanical properties, and optical properties. The result shows that sago fiber waste can be used as raw material for paper. The value of grammage of 62 g/m2, thickness of 0.1294 mm, water absorption capacity of 627.27 g/m2, water content of 9.83%, ash content of 26.26%, pH of 7.9, tensile strength of 14.22 MD and 13.33 CD, brightness of 19.8%, and opacity 22.78. The pore diameter of the paper is 4.608 nm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In an internal mixer, natural rubber / ethylene propylene diene monomer (NR/EPDM) rubber blend was compounded with onium modified montmorillonite (organoclay), and the mixture was then vulcanized using a traditional crosslinking system (sulphur-based crosslinker). In this work, a compatibilizer consisting of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) with 50 mol percent epoxidation (ENR 50) in 10 phr (parts per hundred rubber) was utilised. Two commercial fillers were utilised for comparison: silica (SiO2, grade: vulcasil-S) and carbon black (CB: grade-N330, high abrasion furnace (HAF)). On a Monsanto MDR2000 Rheometer, cure properties were measured. The lowest values for torque minimum (Ml), torque maximum (Mh), scorch time (ts2), and optimum cure time (tc90) were found in the organoclay (OC) filled vulcanizate. Tensile and tear strength properties of the NR/EPDM composites were determined during mechanical testing. In comparison to SiO2 and CB filled composites, the improvement of elongation at break, tensile strength and tear strength characteristics in OC filler-filled vulcanizates was much developed. OC demonstrated the maximum stiffness in terms of reinforcing effectiveness, followed by SiO2 and CB loaded composites. The failure mechanism of the resulting NR/EPDM composites has been changed as compared to the gum vulcanizates, according to scanning electron microscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research work, we looked at how the different properties of acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (NBR) and ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) as seal materials were affected by the addition of various percentages of nanosilica. To evaluate the effect of the inclusion of the nanosilica, properties including tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EB), modulus at various extensions, compressive set (CS), rebound resilience (RR), hardness (HD) and permeability as well as abrasion resistance (AR) are investigated. Results show that adding nanosilica to some formulations may marginally diminish the rubber's strength. However, a more stable modulus at various strains is offered, the rubber's hardness is kept and slightly increased, and the permeability is decreased in both rubbers, with EPDM exhibiting the most pronounced reduction, which is preferable for reducing the outcome of explosive decompression. The compression set test demonstrates that nanosilica enhances the rubbers' ability to operate well under compression, which is crucial for seal applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the rubber blend of raw Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) and recycled Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer (r-EPDM) were prepared by compounding method using two-roll mill. The effect of recycled Ethylene Diene Monomer (r-EPDM) and compatibilizer (EPDM-g-MAH) on the mechanical, ageing, swelling properties and morphology analysis of EPDM/r-EPDM blend were studied. The results obatained showed that the tensile strength, Young's Modulus and crosslink density increased with the increasing in r-EPDM content in contrast with the elongation at breakin the blends. However, the tensile strength, elongation at break and Young's Modulus before ageing were higher than after ageing. Meanwhile, the presence of compatibilizer improved the tensile strength, crosslink density, Young's Modulus and elongation at break of the blends. Morphology were studied via Scanning electron microscopic (SEM) by analysing the tensile fractured surface, the SEM micrographs shows white spots, voids and smooth surface after ageing period. In the contrast, the SEM micrographs show rough surface and matrix tearing line with increasing in R-EPDM due to the high energy required to break the specimen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) is an additive-manufacturing techniques which used to fabricate thermoplastics. Polylactic acid (PLA) was chosen for this study due to its cost benefits and widely explore due to its biodegradable properties [1], [2], [3]. Due to limited resources to investigate the mechanical properties of CPLA/Fe2O3. This paper aimed to study the mechanical properties of CPLA/Fe2O3 prepared through 3D printing. The samples were fabricated using Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) with an addition of powder dispenser as a filler distribution. Different infill densities (100%, 90%, 80%) and different infill patterns (Concentric, Grid, ZigZag) were used as the printing parameters. Tensile testing was conducted to investigate the mechanical properties of CPLA/Fe2O3. The tensile strength of CPLA/Fe2O3 of 100% infill density was the highest compared to 90% and 80%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the effect of ZnO filler content on the mechanical properties of PLA/ZnO. Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) was used to print the samples. Polylactic Acid (PLA) was used in this project and the ZnO powder was added during the printing process. The speed of the dispenser (low speed=1000 RPM, medium speed = 1400 RPM and high speed=1800 RPM) is the parameter that was varied to control the filler content of the composite. All the samples underwent a tensile test to determine the mechanical properties and followed by the SEM test to analyse the surface changes and fracture mechanics of the tensile test. Tensile test results reveal that as the dispenser's speed is increased from 1400 RPM to 1800 RPM, the tensile strength decreases from 23.664 MPa to 22.046 MPa. However, pure PLA has the lowest tensile strength at 21.963MPa. This tensile strength corresponds to the percentage of break elongation, with samples at the low dispenser speed of 1000 RPM having the greatest percentage of elongation with 4.04% due to the high tensile strength. SEM analysis reveals that pure PLA has a smooth and flat appearance morphology, whereas the PLA/ZnO composite has a rougher surface and many voids. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The market for biodegradable polymers has been rapidly growing in recent years due to the dire environmental hazard posed by the global expansion of polymer products. Polyhydroxybutyrate is a promising fully biodegradable polymer with properties similar to those of ordinary polymers. The article provides a comparative analysis of the stress-related (physical and mechanical) properties of a polyhydroxybutyrate-based composite with two types of fillers: hydrolysed lignin and wood flour. The goal of the research was to identify different strategies for lowering the cost of the polyhydroxybutyrate-based composite. The research showed that the introduction of fillers into the biopolymer increased the dynamic modulus of elasticity and tensile strength by 25-40% and the presence of filler in the composition reduced the impact strength of the composite material regardless of the type of filler. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of experiments aiming at the development of materials and methods for shaping them for the needs of medical applications. Selective Laser Melting (SLM) of prepared powder mixtures (CP-Ti+3,5% of Mo) makes it possible to prepare functional parts with good mechanical properties via in-situ alloying process. Application of 10 times smaller Mo powder in the mixture with CP-Ti allowed to building of biocompatible parts with increased tensile strength by appr. 10-15% compared to the CP-Ti. Achieved material, from the Ti-3,5%Mo powders mixture, with a tensile strength of above 850MPa, may be an alternative to the commonly used Ti6Al4V alloy. Mechanical mixing of powders and SLM in-situ alloying proved to be alternative for preparation (atomization) of alloy powders for the needs of laser-based additive manufacturing processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study was aimed to analyze the impact of post-processing, specifically thermal and abrasive treatments, on the surface integrity of microelements made of Inconel 939 using the Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) method. The vibratory finishing treatment in container smoothing machines for microelements with a thickness of 0.6 mm after printing and subsequent heat treatment, including solution treatment and aging in both air and argon atmospheres, was investigated. Surface roughness tests, microstructure examination and tensile strength tests were conducted. Studies revealed that the most significant reduction in roughness height was achieved when elements underwent heat treatment in air and subsequent abrasive treatment using ceramic balls. The surface layer was free from defects such as cracks or pores and thermal micro-cracks were observed in the middle of the samples after both LPBF printing and subsequent heat treatment in air and argon. Tensile strength tests demonstrated that heat treatment significantly increased tensile strength while reducing plasticity compared to samples after printing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The strength of 3D printed part is an important factor that must be considered before carrying out a product design. The purpose of this research is to observe the surface quality and tensile strength of 3D printed part that is reinforced by epoxy resin. The specimen models were designed according to ASTM D3039 standards and printed using a 3D printer device. During the printing process, the layer height of deposit layer was varied into three different types while the main material used as a base material PLA. Furthermore, the specimens were divided into two categories, specimens with coating of resin polymer and without any coating. The coating process was conducted to the test specimens using a vacuum bagging technique by utilizing a vacuum pump as an air suction device. The specimen without any coating process were directly surface roughness test and perform tensile test directly. Based on the test results, lowest of surface roughness was occurred on specimen with resin coating. However, the highest tensile strength was showed by specimens without any surface coating. Although the addition of resin polymer shows a significant effect, but the layer height is not too significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Patch repair is a method that may be applied to recover damaged concrete. Mortar can be selected as the patching material. However, certain admixtures can be added to modify this material to increase its bond strength, tensile strength, and ductility. The addition of synthetic microfibres is expected to improve the repair material's tensile performance, including its resistance to crack formation, ductility, flexural strength, and tensile strength. This research determined a direct tensile strength of repair mortars on specimens with dimensions of 10x10x25 cm with triangular cobs in the middle of the specimens. The results show that adding synthetic microfiber can increase the value of tensile strength, toughness modulus, and linear elastic energy fracture in the repair mortars. It is also found that the synthetic microfiber with a content of 0.06% gives the maximum tensile performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Numerical analysis is usually used to simulate sheet metal forming, such as hydroforming, deep drawing, and stamping. It is to reduce trial and error during the design process. Therefore, numerical analysis for tensile tests needs to be investigated. This study aims to simulate a numerical method for acquiring the actual and engineering stress-strain curves. Hooke's law and Hollomon's constitutive were formulated to simulate the tensile test. The numerical method is simulated with 316L stainless steel. The result indicated that the ultimate tensile strength was 654 MPa and the fracture stress was 429 MPa. This indicates a good agreement with the study conducted by Syngellakis. Therefore, numerical methods can be used to analyze the tensile test on metallic materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The addition of the 0.3 wt. % copper to the Al-0.5 wt.% Fe alloys was studied. The initial billets of the alloy were produced via electromagnetic casting (EMC) with the subsequent cold drawing (CD). Further annealing at 230˚C for 1h was carried out as a thermal stability test. The microstructure of the alloy with and without Cu is similar with the slight variation in intermetallic particles distribution. The addition of copper resulted in the two-fold increase of the yield stress (YS) of the alloy in as-cast state and increase of the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) after CD (by 60 MPa). The electrical conductivity of the Cu-containing alloy is lower by 1.5-2 %IACS in both all states. Such difference in properties is attributed for the Cu presented in both solid solution in aluminium matrix, and in the intermetallic particles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of hydrothermal carbonization, also known as HTC, is a thermochemical pretreatment method involving the utilization of heated, pressurized water to treat biomass and produce hydrochar. This research investigates the feasibility of using hydrochar produced from coconut fiber in concrete. It also evaluates the effect of HTC duration and the chemical treatment of coconut fiber on the qualities of concrete. Throughout the hydrothermal carbonization process, which usually lasts for 2, 3, and 4 hours, the temperature of 160 °C is kept constant. In this research, we utilized two types of coconut fiber: untreated coconut fiber and pretreated coconut fiber. The characteristics of the concrete, including its slump, dry density, compressive strength, and splitting tensile strength, were analyzed. The diameter of the sample is 10 cm, and it is 20 cm from top to bottom. The length of the HTC duration and the chemical treatment of the fibers have an influence on compressive strength, slump, and splitting tensile strength. On the other hand, they do not have an effect on the dry density. The highest slump was obtained at 4 hours of HTC processing for both types of fibers. The optimum compressive strength in concrete using untreated hydrochar is 28,43 MPa, but the greatest compressive strength using pretreated hydrochar is 25.16 MPa. Untreated hydrochar has the greatest compressive strength at 4 hours of HTC processing, while pretreated hydrochar has it at 2 hours of the HTC processing. In contrast, untreated hydrochar has the highest spliting tensile strength at 2 hours of the HTC processing, while pretreated hydrochar has it at 4 hours of the HTC processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aluminum and its alloys are in high demand in the industrial sector because of its wide availability, low cost, high strength-to-weight ratio, excellent thermal conductivity, low electrical resistance, and remarkable formability. In this experiment, authors used few variables to see how they affect joint attributes like ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield tensile strength (YTS). Variables include the shoulder diameter (SD), shoulder flatness (SF), pin profile (PP), pin diameter (PP). Multi-objective optimization utilising ANOVA and RSM is performed on the outcomes of a comparable FSW of AA6061. Results from the research show that for AA6061 FSWs, the four investigated parameters—SD, SF, PP, and WS—and their interactions have a major impact on the outcomes. The optimization approach suggests the following parameter values for maximum tensile characteristics in welded connections: 18 mm SD, 2 mm SF, square pin profile, and 30 mm/min welding speed, which is proven to be in well agreement with expected outcomes of tensile properties within±15%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, the impact of changes to a few variables on joint properties like ultimate tensile strength (UTS), yield tensile strength (YTS), and elongation (EL) are investigated. Examples of such variables are shoulder diameter (SD), shoulder flatness (SF), pin profile (PP), pin diameter (PP), weld passes (NP), and weld speed (WS). From the trials done to optimise the process parameters, the SD, PP, SF, and WS for comparable FSW of AA6061 and AA5083 are chosen. Modifying the Rotational Speed (RS), Welding Speed (WS), and tilt angle (TA) of the tool allows for the creation of a wide variety of FSW joints. There is a total of three experimental groups examined: those with FSWs that are comparable to AA6061, those that are similar to AA5083, and those that are dissimilar to AA6061 and AA5083. The tests are arranged using "Minitab" and the RSM (response surface methodology) approach. The dissimilar FSW of AA6061 and AA5083, all three factors, i.e. Rotational speed, Welding speed and Tilt angle and their interactions are revealed as significant through ANOVA. In multi-objective optimization results, RS of 1440 rpm, WS of 32 mm/min and TA of 2.40 are suggested as optimal setting of these parameters for dissimilar FSW which is found in well agreement with predicted results of tensile properties within ± 10%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objectives of this study are to combine AA5128 and Carbon Nanotubes to form a hybrid composite and evaluate its properties. Experiments were conducted to characterize the mechanical characteristics of different hybridized composites, including tensile and hardness test using specimens produced by stir casting process in compliance with ASTM Standards. Characterization of the composite specimens demonstrates that the composite materials' mechanical properties increase as reinforcements are incorporated into the aluminum matrix, highlighting the need for the development of such composites for high-end applications requiring tailored properties and better performance capabilities. The use of 1% E-glass, CNT (1.5%) and E-Glass CNT (5%). When reinforced with AA5128 Hybrid metal matrix composite, tensile strength rise by 146.7 and 257.08 %, respectively, at a reinforcement content of 1.5 %. The higher tensile strength can be attributed to an increase in the bonding area between the matrix and the reinforcement at the interface. The ultimate tensile strength of A8 hybrid composites is 179.457 MPa. The reinforcements (E-Glass and CNT) and metal matrix (AA5128) have different coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) and elastic moduli (EM), but by forming geometrically necessary dislocations during material cooling and straining, this mismatch is accommodated and the mechanical properties are improved. Tensile loads may be transferred uniformly throughout an E-glass and CNT matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate and compare the mechanical properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy that has undergone heat treatment, as well as ZrO2 and ZrN PVD coatings. The effects of heat treatment and coating on the micro hardness, surface roughness and tensile strength of the alloy were examined using various analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results indicate that ZrN coating significantly improves the hardness and tensile strength of the alloy, while ZrO2 coating enhances its corrosion resistance. The study provides valuable insights into the mechanical properties of AZ91D magnesium alloy and the effectiveness of different surface treatments in enhancing its performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the influence of intermediate parameters of roving compactors in the drafting tool of ring spinning machines on quality parameters of Siro yarn production is studied. To solve the optimization problem, the optimization problem was solved using the obtained regression relations. Based on the experiments, it was determined that the highest specific tensile strength of the yarn can be achieved when the distance between the holes of the compactors is L=10 mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the results of the analysis of the properties of composite yarns spun in the cotton/polyester ring method. For this, samples were prepared in the proportions of 15.4 tex (Ne 40/1) 80/20%, 60/40%, 50/50%, and 0/100%. Samples of mixed yarns were made using medium-fiber cotton fiber (linear density 0.186 tex×length 32 mm) and polyester fiber (linear density 0.164tex×length 38 mm). Unevenness in the mass of finished yarns, thin and thick places, the number of neps, specific tensile strength, tensile strength, breaking work (B-work) were determined using USTER test instruments (Uster® Tester 6, Uster® Tensojet 4, etc.) and obtained. The parameters were checked for compliance with the Uster® Statistics 2018. The increase in the proportion of polyester fibers in mixed yarns has led to a decrease in the mass unevenness of the yarn, thin and thick places, and the number of neps; on the other hand, the specific tensile strength of the yarn, the tensile strength, the breaking work values of the yarn increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Today, expanding the assortment of light industrial products and producing universally comfortable fabrics and clothes that can serve the population for a long time is one of the urgent problems faced by textile and sewing enterprises and designer artists. The physico-mechanical parameters of two-layer fabrics of two different types of nationalities, woven on a needle-shaped flat fang machine, were determined in the laboratory and compared to each other. Although the composition of the fabric in the samples is the same, changes in tensile strength, density, abrasion resistance, and deformation of the fabric were determined and the highest indicators were found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, nano composites materials consisting of epoxy coating were prepared as a base material (EP) and some different oxides nano particales (TiO2, SiO2, Al2O3) as reinforcement materials include (EP+ TiO2), (EP+ TiO2 + SiO2), (EP+ TiO2 + Al2O3) to improve several of mechanistic and thermal properties of epoxy coating at a weight fraction (4w%). Mechanical properties (tensile strength, impact strength, hardness) and thermal conductivity studied. The method of Hand Lay -Up molding was used to prepare the Nano composites materials, and from the results obtained, mechanical and thermal properties after reinforcement by the oxides nano particles has been improved, where the nano composite material (EP+ TiO2) had the highest value for tensile strength(8.48) ᴍPa, hardness(77.9) and thermal conductivity(0.526671) watt / m. c◦, while the composite material (EP+ TiO2+ SiO2) had the highest value for impact strength(7.96) KJ/m2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmental issues are the most critical and urgent factor for the increasing use of biopolymers in broader applications. Research on chitosan as a bioplastic material opens vast opportunities to improve its weak mechanical properties. These include blending with biopolymer/synthetic polymers as a matrix or incorporating with nanofillers. The use of organic solvents in dissolving chitosan is also interesting for further research. In this study, we synthesized a chitosan/PVA-based biofilm composite in five different ratios (100/0, 80/20, 60/40, 40/60, 0/100) in acetic acid and citric acid with the addition of 10% weight glycerol to get the optimum composition of mechanical properties. This optimum film would be conducted with SiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) and Cellulose Nano Crystals (CNCs) to evaluate the reinforcement effects. Various properties, including surface morphology, functional, mechanical properties, and thermal behavior, were characterized. The experimental result showed that the tensile strength of the composite film in acetic acid was higher than in citric acid. With the addition of 2.5% w/w of SiO2 NPs, the tensile strength of the composite film got its maximum value, 21.01 MPa, and the maximum of 25.77 MPa with 10% w/w of CNCs, which was 115,7% higher than with of the pure chitosan/PVA film in the ratio of 80/20 which was the optimum. The effect of adding CNC and SiO2 NPS has the opposite effect. The addition of filler CNCs will improve mechanical properties, while SiO2 NPs tend to decrease mechanical properties. All film characterizations demonstrated that the physicochemical interaction between CNCs and chitosan/PVA molecules improved their mechanical and thermal properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]